What were the primary economic activities in New England?

The primary economic activities in New England were characterized by small farms, merchants, and whaling, which reflects the region's geographical and social dynamics during its early history. The cold climate and rocky soil made large-scale agriculture less feasible, leading settlers to focus on small-scale farming for subsistence. This included growing crops such as corn and potatoes, which were suitable for smaller plots of land.

Additionally, New England's coastal geography fostered a significant maritime economy. Whaling became a major industry due to the demand for whale oil, which was used for lighting lamps and as a lubricant. The abundance of natural resources allowed merchants to engage in trade, both locally and internationally, further contributing to the region's economic landscape. The combination of these activities created a diverse economy that was less reliant on large-scale agriculture compared to other regions, leading to a focus on commerce and marine industries.

This multifaceted economic structure is central to understanding New England's development and contrast with the agrarian economies of southern colonies, where plantation agriculture and cash crops like cotton and tobacco dominated.